The Therapeutic Effect of Ten Classical Mudras in the Perspective of Selective Hatha Yogic Texts: A Review Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63300/irjoyas403.052026.07Keywords:
Hatha Yoga Pradipika, Gheranda Samhita, Shiva Samhita, Hatha Ratnavali, Mudra, Bandha, Therapeutic YogaAbstract
Hatha Yoga is an important branch of yoga that emphasizes psycho-physiological and subtle energy practices for holistic health and higher consciousness. Among its techniques, mudras and bandhas are considered powerful tools for regulating pranic energy, balancing bodily functions, and promoting spiritual awakening. This review study examines the therapeutic significance of ten classical mudras described in major Hatha Yoga texts, including the Hatha Yoga Pradipika, Gheranda Samhita, Shiva Samhita, and Hatha Ratnavali. The selected mudras include Maha Mudra, Maha Bandha, Maha Vedha, Khechari Mudra, Uddiyana Bandha, Moola Bandha, Jalandhara Bandha, Viparita Karani, Vajroli Mudra, and Shakti Chalini Mudra. Comparative textual analysis reveals consistency in their described benefits, such as improved digestion, endocrine regulation, circulatory efficiency, respiratory function, nervous system activation, vitality, and longevity. The texts also associate these practices with kundalini awakening, preservation of bindu, and higher meditative states. Contemporary interpretations suggest possible neuroendocrine and psychophysiological mechanisms underlying these effects. The study concludes that classical mudras serve as an important bridge between physical regulation, mental balance, and spiritual transformation in both traditional and modern wellness contexts.
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